地震可能会带来很大的伤亡，但是如果在平时你能做好准备，你幸存下来的机会会大大增加。那么我们需要做好哪些准备呢？

Herearesometipstohelpyouincreasethechancesofsurviving.

Makeahomeearthquakeplan.Findasafeplaceineveryroom，suchasadeskoratable，whereyoucanfindcoverinanearthquake.Fortwo­floorhomes，getaproper­sizedladdertogetoutthroughawindowifthestairsaredamaged.

Decidewhereyourfamilywillre­meetifyouareseparated.Decideonanout­of­townrelativeforfamilymemberstogetintouchwith.

Attachthingssuchastallfurnitureandwaterheaterstothewallsothattheywillnotbeknockedoverduringanearthquake.

Prepareanemergencykit(成套工具)foryourhomeandacarthathasfood，water，clothing，flashlights，aradioandafirst­aidkitinit.

Knowwhattodowhenanearthquakestarts.Drop，coverandholdon.Onlymoveafewstepstoasafeplaceforcoverandstaythereuntiltheshakingstops.Ifyouareinacar，slowdownanddrivetosomewhereawayfromtreesandpowerlines.Stayinyourcaruntiltheshakingstops.

Practicefortherealthingtohelpkeepaclearheadwhenarealearthquakehappens.

[阅读障碍词]

1．attachv．贴，系，把……固定

2．furnituren．家具

3．first­aidadj.急救的

[诱思导读]

阅读短文，回答问题

1．Howmanytipsdoesthepassageofferus?

Six．

2．Whydowepracticefortherealthinginourdailylife?

Tohelpkeepaclearheadwhenarealearthquakehappens.

Section ⅠWarming Up，Pre­reading & Reading

Ⅰ.匹配下列单词的词性及汉语意思

(　　)1.burstA．vi.爆裂；爆发

n．突然破裂；爆发

(　　)2.ruinB．vt.破坏；毁坏；消灭

(　　)3.injureC．vt.埋葬；掩埋；隐藏

(　　)4.destroyD．n.废墟；毁灭

vt.使破产；毁灭

(　　)5.shockE．vt.损害；伤害

(　　)6.rescueF．vt.&vi.(使)震惊；震动

n．休克；打击；震惊

(　　)7.trapG．vt.使陷入困境n.陷阱；困境

(　　)8.buryH．n.灾难；灾祸

(　　)9.disasterI．n.&vt.援救；营救

(　　)10.electricityJ．n.电；电流；电学

[答案]1－5ADEBF6－10IGCHJ

Ⅱ.选择下列句子中相应词组的汉语意思

A．立刻；马上　B．仿佛；好像C．终结；结束D．严重受损；破败不堪E．掘出；发现  F．许多；大量的

1．Thecitylayinruinsaftertheearthquake.________

2．Whenourday'sworkwasatanendwerushedthere.________

3．Thebottlewasdugoutbythevillagers.________

4．Alargenumberofpeopleappliedforthejob.________

5．You'dbettercleanthescreenofyourcomputerrightaway.

________

6．Irememberthewholethingasifithappenedyesterday._______

[答案]1－6DCEFAB

ANIGHTTHEEARTHDIDN'TSLEEP

StrangethingswerehappeninginthecountrysideofnortheastHebei.Forthreedaysthewaterinthevillagewells(井) roseandfell, roseandfell.Farmersnoticedthatthewellwallshaddeepcracksinthem.Asmellygascameoutofthecracks.Inthefarmyards, thechickensandeventhepigsweretoonervoustoeat.①Miceranoutofthefieldslookingforplacestohide.②Fishjumpedoutoftheirbowlsandponds.Atabout3：00a．m. onJuly28, 1976, somepeoplesawbrightlightsinthesky.ThesoundofplanescouldbeheardoutsidethecityofTangshanevenwhennoplaneswereinthesky.Inthecity, thewaterpipes(管) insomebuildingscrackedandburst(爆裂)．Buttheonemillion(百万) peopleofthecity, whothoughtlittleoftheseevents(事件)，③wereasleepasusualthatnight.

地球的一个不眠之夜

河北省东北部的农村不断有怪事发生。三天来，村子里的井水升升降降，起起伏伏。村民们注意到，水井的井壁上有深深的裂缝，裂缝里冒出臭气。农家大院里的鸡，甚至猪都紧张得不吃食。老鼠跑出田地找地方躲藏。鱼缸和池塘里的鱼往外跳。1976年7月28日凌晨3点左右，一些人看到天上有明亮的光，即使天上没有飞机，在唐山城外也能听到飞机声。在市内，有些建筑物的水管爆裂开来。但这座城市的一百万居民几乎都没有把这些情况当回事儿，那天晚上照常睡觉了。

[助读讲解]①too...to...太……而不能……。②现在分词短语lookingforplacestohide 作伴随状语。③who 引导非限制性定语从句，修饰people；thinklittleof 几乎不考虑，对……不重视，忽视。

At3：42a．m. everythingbegantoshake.Itseemedasif(仿佛) theworldwasatanend(结束)! Elevenkilometresdirectlybelowthecityoneofthegreatestearthquakesofthe20thcenturyhadbegun.ItwasfeltinBeijing，whichismorethantwohundredkilometresaway.④One­thirdofthenation(民族) feltit.Ahugecrackthatwaseightkilometreslongandthirtymetreswide⑤cutacross⑥houses, roadsandcanals(运用)．Steam(蒸汽) burstfromholesintheground.Hardhillsofrockbecameriversofdirt(污垢)．Infifteenterriblesecondsalargecitylayinruins(破败不堪)．Thesuffering(痛苦) ofthepeoplewasextreme(极度的)．Two­thirdsofthemdiedorwereinjured(损害) duringtheearthquake.Thousandsoffamilieswerekilledandmanychildrenwereleftwithoutparents.Thenumberofpeoplewhowerekilledorseriouslyinjuredreachedmorethan400，000.

凌晨3点42分，一切开始摇晃起来，仿佛到了世界末日！二十世纪最大的地震之一就在唐山市正下方11公里处发生了。200多公里以外的北京都感到了地震。全国三分之一的地方都有震感。一条8公里长30米宽的巨大裂缝横穿房舍、马路和渠道。地上一些洞穴冒出了蒸汽。石头山变成了泥沙河。在可怕的15秒钟内，一座大城市就沦陷在一片废墟中。人们遭受了极大的痛苦。三分之二的人在地震中死去或受伤。成千上万的家庭被毁灭，许许多多的孩子变成了孤儿。死亡和重伤人数达到40多万。

[助读讲解]④which 引导定语从句，修饰Beijing。⑤thatwas...wide 是that 引导的定语从句，修饰crack。⑥cutacross 横切，穿过，抄近路。

Buthowcouldthesurvivorsbelieveitwasnatural?Everywheretheylookednearlyeverythingwasdestroyed(毁坏)．Allofthecity'shospitals, 75%ofitsfactoriesandbuildingsand90% ofitshomesweregone.Brickscoveredthegroundlikeredautumnleaves.Nowind，however, couldblowthemaway.Twodams(水坝) fellandmostofthebridgesalsofellorwerenotsafefortravelling.Therailwaytracks(轨道) werenowuseless(无用的) piecesofsteel.Tensofthousandsof⑦cowswouldnevergivemilkagain.Halfamillionpigsandmillionsofchickensweredead.Sandnowfilledthewellsinsteadofwater.Peoplewereshocked(震惊)．Then, laterthatafternoon, anotherbigquake(震动) whichwasalmostasstrongasthefirstone⑧shookTangshan.Someoftherescue(援救) workersanddoctorsweretrapped(陷入困境) undertheruins.Morebuildingsfelldown.Water, food, andelectricity(电) werehardtoget.Peoplebegantowonderhowlongthedisaster(灾难) wouldlast.⑨

可幸存的人们又怎么能相信这是自然现象呢？人们无论朝哪里看，哪里的一切都几乎被毁了。市内所有的医院、75%的工厂和建筑物、90%的家园都消失了。残砖就像秋天的红叶覆盖着大地。然而，他们是不可能被风刮走的。两座大坝垮了，多数桥梁不是塌了，就是无法安全通行了。铁轨如今成了一条条废钢。好几万头牛再也挤不出奶来。50万头猪和几百万只鸡全都死了。井里满是沙子，而不是水，人们震惊了。接着，当天下午晚些时候，同第一次一样强烈的地震震撼着唐山。一些救援人员和医生被困在了废墟下。更多的房屋倒塌了。水、食物和电都很难弄到。人们开始纳闷，这场灾难还会持续多久。

[助读讲解]⑦tensofthousandsof 数以万计的。⑧which 引导定语从句，修饰quake。⑨last 在此处为动词，意为“持续”。

Allhopewasnotlost.Soonafterthequakes, thearmysent150，000soldierstoTangshantohelptherescueworkers.Hundredsofthousandsofpeoplewerehelped.Thearmyorganizedteamstodigout(掘出) thosewhoweretrapped⑩andtobury(埋葬) thedead.Tothenorthofthecity, mostofthe10，000miners(矿工) wererescuedfromthecoalmines(矿) there.Workersbuiltshelters(避身处) forsurvivorswhosehomeshadbeendestroyed.⑪Freshwaterwastakentothecitybytrain, truckandplane.Slowly，thecitybegantobreatheagain.

并不是所有的希望都破灭了。地震后不久，部队派遣了15万名战士到唐山来协助救援人员。数十万的人得到了援助。解放军组成小分队，将受困的人们挖出来，将死者掩埋。在唐山市的北边，一个有万名矿工的煤矿中多数人都得救了。救援人员为那些家园被毁的幸存者盖起了避难所。火车、卡车和飞机都向市内运来了水。慢慢地，这座城市又开始恢复了生机。

[助读讲解]⑩whoweretrapped 为定语从句，修饰those。⑪whosehomeshadbeendestroyed 为定语从句，修饰survivors，whose在从句中作定语。

第一步　速读——了解文章主题和段落大意

Ⅰ.速读P26课文内容，选择最佳答案

1．What'sthemainideaofthetext?

A．AterribleearthquakeofTangshan.

B．BeforetheearthquakeofTangshan.

C．DuringtheearthquakeofTangshan.

D．DamagesoftheearthquakeofTangshan.

[答案]A

Ⅱ.速读P26课文内容，匹配段落大意

1．Para.1A．Damagescausedbytheearthquake

2．Paras.2～3B．Rescueaftertheearthquake

3．Para.4C．Signsbeforetheearthquake

[答案]1－3CAB

第二步　细读——把控文章关键信息

细读P26课文内容，选择最佳答案

1．ThelastsentenceinParagraph1impliesthat．

A．thesurvivorsdidn'tthinktoomuchofthe earthquake

B．thesurvivorsweremadetolosetheirsensebythesuddenbigearthquake

C．thesurvivorsdidn'trealizethataterribleearthquakehappenedinsuchashorttime

D．thesurvivorsdidn'tthinkanearthquakecouldbringsuchgreatdamage

2．WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?

A．Manysoldiershelpedtorescuethepeoplewhoweretrappedundertheruins.

B．Iftheearthquakehadhappenedduringthedaytime，itwouldn'thavecausedsomanydeaths.

C．PeopleofTangshancaredmuchaboutthestrangeeventsbeforetheearthquake.

D．TheearthquakewasalsofeltinBeijing.

3．Whatisthenumberofpeoplewhowerekilledorinjuredduringtheearthquake?

A．400，000B．150，000

C．10，000D．50，000

4．Thetitle“A night the earth didn't sleep”means．

A．theearthwasawakeallnightlong

B．peopleontheearthcouldn'tfallasleepthatnight

C．theearthshooklikecrazythatnight

D．animalsontheearthwouldnotsleepthatnight

[答案]1－4CCAC

第三步　研读——能力升华　接轨高考

根据P26课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式

SeveraldaysbeforeJuly28，1976，manystrangethingshappenedinTangshan.Theywere1.signs(sign)foranearthquake.Butpeople2.wholivedtheredidn'tthinkmuchofthat.At3：42a．m. thatday，theearthbegan3.toshake(shake)，4.whichdestroyedalmostallthecityinfifteenterribleseconds.Manypeople，5.including(include) rescueworkersanddoctors，came6.torescue(rescue)thosewho7.weretrapped(trap)undertheruins.Laterthatafternoon，anotherbigearthquakehitthecity.Morepeoplewerekilledorinjuredandmorebuildingsfell8.down．Verysoonthearmysentalotofsoldierstohelp，andteams9.wereorganized(organize)todigoutthetrappedandtoburythedead.Byandbythingsimprovedandthecitybeganto10.breathe(breath) again.